Similar to humans, plants have an immune system to help defend against parasites and other deleterious infections. The human body is interconnected with cell-to-cell communication to orchestrate an ...

At first glance, plant and animal cells have a lot in common: they’re both highly organized, keep their DNA tucked away in an envelope, and are kinda juicy inside. But plant cells have evolved some ...

Plant cells are surrounded by an intricately structured protective coat called the cell wall. It’s built of cellulose microfibrils intertwined with polysaccharides like hemicellulose or pectin. We ...

Plant and Soil, Vol. 468, No. 1/2 (November 2021), pp. 475-489 (15 pages) Aims Laser micromanipulation such as dissection or optical trapping enables remote physical modification of the activity of ...